There are essentially two kinds of ecosystems; Aquatic and Terrestrial. Any other sub-ecosystem falls under one of these two headings.

Terrestrial ecosystems

Terrestrial ecosystems can be found anywhere apart from heavily saturated places. They are broadly classed into:

The Forest Ecosystems

They are the ecosystems in which an abundance of flora, or plants, is seen so they have a big number of organisms that live in relatively small space. Therefore, in forest ecosystems, the density of living organisms is quite high.

The Desert Ecosystem

Desert ecosystems are located in regions that receive an annual rainfall of less than 25. They occupy about 17 percent of all the land on our planet. Due to the extremely high temperature, low water availability and intense sunlight, fauna and flora are scarce and poorly developed.

The Grassland Ecosystem

Grasslands are located in both the tropical and temperate regions of the world through the ecosystems that vary slightly. The area mainly comprises grasses with a little number of trees and shrubs. The main vegetation includes grasses, plants and legumes that belong to the composite family.

The Mountain Ecosystem

Mountain land provides a scattered and diverse array of habitats where a large number of animals and plants can be found.

Aquatic Ecosystems

The aquatic ecosystem is the ecosystem found in a body of water. It encompasses aquatic flora, fauna and water properties, as well. There are two main types of aquatic ecosystems – Marine and Freshwater.

The Marine Ecosystem

Marine ecosystems are the biggest ecosystems, which cover around 71% of Earth’s surface and contain 97% of our planet’s water. Water in Marine ecosystems features in high amounts of minerals and salts dissolved in them.